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¡@¡@¾Ú¬ã¨s¡A¦³°ª¹F90%ªº®ð³Ý±wªÌ¡A·|¦bªø®É¶¡«ùÄò¹B°Ê«á¡A¥X²{®ð³Ý¯gª¬ (Rupp, Brudno, & Guill, 1993)¡C³oºØ®ð³Ýªº²{¶H¡A³q±`¹B°Ê«á5-10¤ÀÄÁ³ÌÄY­«¡A¹B°Ê«á10-15¤ÀÄÁ«ì´_¦Ü¥¿±`¤ô·Ç (Jones, Buston, & Wharton, 1962)¡C³oºØ¯gª¬¦­´Á´¿ºÙ¬°¹B°Ê»¤µo«¬®ð³Ý (exercise-induced asthma, EIA)¡A«á¨Ó¤£¤Ö¾ÇªÌ»{¬°¹B°Ê¥u¤£¹L¬O²£¥Í®ð³Ýªº½Ñ¦h¦]¯À¤§¤@¦Ó¤w¡A¦Ó«Øij§ï¥Î¹B°Ê»¤µo«¬¤ä®ðºÞ¦¬ÁY (exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, EIB)¡C

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David Beckham­^°ê¨k¨¬²y6¶W¯ÅÁpÁÉ«a­x
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1¼Ú¬w¨¬¨óÁp·ù«a­x
Jackie Joyner-Kersee¬ü°ê¤k®|ÁÉ6¶ø¹B¼úµP (3ª÷1»È»P2»É)
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Greg Louganis¬ü°ê¨k¸õ¤ô5¶ø¹B¼úµP»P5¦¸¥@¬É«a­x
Paula Radcliffe­^°ê¤k°¨©ÔªQ4¶ø¹Bª÷µP
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Jerome Bettis¬ü°ê¨k¬ü¦¡¨¬²y«e¤Ç¯÷³ù¿û¤H
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Peter Vanderkaay¬ü°ê¤k´åªa2008¥_¨Ê¶ø¹B«a­x
Amy Van Dyken¬ü°ê¤k´åªa6¨È¯SÄõ¤j»P³·±ù¶ø¹Bª÷µP
Tom Dolan¬ü°ê¨k´åªa2¶ø¹Bª÷µP
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https://www.healthline.com/health/famous-athletes-with-asthma

ªí¤G ®ð³Ý¹B°Ê­û¤§²±¦æ²v (§@ªÌ¾ã²z)
§@ªÌ (¦~¥N)¹B°Ê¶µ¥Ø©Ê§O²±¦æ²v/±±¨î²Õ
Voy(1986)¬ü°ê1984®L©u¶ø¹B¶¤¤k+¨k11% (67/597) ±o41¼úµP
Larssonµ¥ (1993)¶V³¥·Æ³· (N=42)
±±¨î²Õ (N=29)
¤k+¨k55% ®ð³Ý
4%
Heir»POseid (1994)¶V³¥·Æ³· (N =153)
±±¨î²Õ (N= 306)
¤k+¨k14% (®ð³Ý»P/©ÎEIB)
5%
Provost-Craigµ¥ (1996)ªá¦¡·È¦B (N=100)
µL±±¨î²Õ
30% EIB
Weilerµ¥ (1998)1996®L©u¶ø¹B¶¤ >20%
IIkkaµ¥ (1998)®L©u¹B°Êªº³Ç¥X¹B°Ê­û (N=162)
±±¨î²Õ (N=45)
¤k+¨k23% (37/162)
4% (2/45)
Wilberµ¥ (2000)1998¬ü°ê¥V©u¶ø¹B¶¤¤k+¨k23 % EIB (¶V³¥·Æ³·¡A50%)
Corrigan»PKazlauskas (2003)2000¿D¤j§Q¨È®L©u¶ø¹B¶¤
¤@¯ë¥Á²³
¤k+¨k21%
6-12%
Lummeµ¥ (2003)¦B¤W¦±´Ò²y­û
±±¨î²Õ
¤k+¨k®ð³Ý22%
4%
Dickinsonµ¥ (2005)2000»P2004­^°ê®L©u¶ø¹B¶¤¤k+¨k21% (2000: 21.2%¡F2004: 20.7%)
Schumacher»PPottgiesser (2011)¹B°Ê­û¤k+¨k10-50%
Zarqaµ¥ (2012)³Ç¥X¹B°Ê­û
¤@¯ë¤H
¤k+¨k11-50%
4->20%
Spiteriµ¥ (2014)­^°ê¾ñÆV²yÁp·ù²y­û¨k24% EIA
Burnsµ¥ (2015)®¿«Â¡B¼w°ê¡B¦è¯Z¤ú
2008¥_¨Ê¶ø¹B¿ï¤â (N=546)
¤@¯ë¤j²³ (N=1568)
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¸gÂå®v¶EÂ_¬°®ð³Ý (OR 3.5; CI 1.7-7.5)
®ð³Ý¯gª¬ªÌ (OR 3.0; CI 1.5-6.0)
®ð³Ý¯gª¬©Î¥ÎÃÄªÌ (OR 3.5; CI 1.8-6.7)

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®ð³Ý¯gª¬ªÌ(OR 2.6; CI 1.3¡V5.0)
®ð³Ý¯gª¬©Î¥ÎÃÄªÌ (OR 2.3; CI 1.2¡V4.4)

¡@¡@2016¦~¬Æ¦Ü¦³´Á¥Z°Q½×¬°¦ó¶ø¹B¿ï¤â¦³¨º»ò¦h¤H¬O®ð³Ý±wªÌ (Moreira, Delgado, & Carlsen, 2011)¡C¨ì©³¿©±w®ð³Ýªº³Ç¥X¹B°Ê­û¦³¦h¤Ö©O¡HFitch (2016) ´¿¸g¤ñ¸û2000-2010°Ñ¥[¶ø¹B·|ªº®ð³Ý¹B°Ê­û%»PÀò±o¼úµP¼Æ% (ªí¤T)¡A¥Ñ¦¹ªí¥i¥H²M·¡¬Ý¥X¡A³o¨Ç¡u¯f¤H¡vÀò±o¬Û·í¦hªº¼úµP¡C¥H2000¦~³·±ù¶ø¹B¬°¨Ò¡A5.7%ªº®ð³Ý¹B°Ê­û¡A±o¨ì¤F7.2%ªº¶ø¹B¼úµP¡C

ªí¤T 2000-2010®L©u (³·±ù¡B¶®¨å®L©u) »P¥V©u (ÆQ´ò«°¡B¦«¨½¿Õ¡B·Å­ôµØ¥V©u)¶ø¹B¿©±w®ð³Ýªº¹B°Ê­û (ÂŦâ) »PÀò±oªº¼úµP¼Æ (¬õ¦â) ¤ñ¸û
³·±ùÆQ´ò«°¶®¨å¦«¨½¿Õ·Å­ôµØ
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(¸ê®Æ¨ú¦Û¡GFitch, 2016).

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¡@¡@°ê»Ú¶øªL¤Ç§J©e­û·| (International Olympic Committee, IOC) ªº¥@¬É¤Ï¸TÃIJÕ´ (World Anti-doping Agency, WADA) ³Ì·s¸TÃĨϥγW©w¡A¾ã²z¦pªí¤T©Ò¥Ü¡C­È±oª`·Nªº¬O¡A®ð³Ý±wªÌ»P«D®ð³Ý±wµo¥Íªº¨âºØÃþ«¬EIB¡A¥u­n¤@¯ë¯gª¬¬Û¦P¡A¿í¦u¬Û¦Pªº°ê»Ú«ü«n (WADA, 2018)¡A³Ç¥X¹B°Ê­û»P¤@¯ë®ð³Ý±wªÌ¡A³B¸mªº¤èªk¬Û¦P (Weiler et al., 2016)¡C

ªí¥| °ê»Ú¶ø·|ªº®ð³Ý¥ÎÃĺިºA (ªL¥¿±`¡A2019)
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indacaterol, olodaterol, procaterol
reproterol, salbutamol, salmeterol
terbutaline, vilanterol
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formoterol
salbutamol
salmeterol
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¥þ¨­©ÊÃþ©T¾J (¤fªA©ÎÀR¯ßª`®g)ÄvÁɮɸT¤î
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¸ê®Æ¨ú¦Ûhttps://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/tuec_asthma_17012019_en.pdf

¡@¡@¬°¦]À³¦U°êÀu¨q¹B°Ê­û°Ñ¥[°ê»Ú¹B°ÊÁÉ·|¡A WADA¥Xª©¤F¡u®ð³ÝÁŧK©e­û·|ªºÂå®v«ü«n¡v(TUE Physician Guidelines ¡V Asthma¡F³Ì·sª©¥»6.1ª©¡A2018)¡C¬°ÁקK»~¥Î¹B°Ê¸TÃÄ¡A©Î¶i¦æ®ð³Ý¥ÎÃĪºÁŧK¥Ó½Ð¡AÀu¨q¹B°Ê­û»P±Ð½m¡A¦³¥²­n¿n·¥»P±MªùÂå®v·¾³q¡A¨Ã³z¹L¤¤µØ¶øªL¤Ç§J©e­û·|ªº¬ÛÃö¤H­û¡A¦VIOC¥Ó½ÐªvÀø¨Ï¥ÎÁŧK (Therapeutic Use Exemptions, TUE) ³\¥i¡C

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¡@¡@³\¦h¹B°Ê­û¬O®ð³Ý±wªÌ¡A¥R¤À»¡©ú®ð³Ý±±¨î¤£Ãøªº¨Æ¹ê¡X®ð³ÝÁöµMµLªk²¬Â¡¡A«o¯à±±¨î¡C¥t¤@¤è­±¡A¦¹¨Æ¹ê¤]§i¶D®ð³Ý±wªÌ¡B®aªøµ¥¡A¤£­n¿Ð¯e§ÒÂå¡A¦ÓÀ³¸Ó¦n¦n¤Î¦­¾i¦¨¹B°Êªº²ßºD¡AÂǹB°ÊÁëÁåªÍŦ¡AÁקK¶i¤@¨B¯f±¡´c¤Æ¡AÁקK¦]¤£¹B°Ê¡A¼vÅTÅé¯à¡A¦Ó­PµLªk¨É¨ü¹B°Êªº¼Ö½ì¡A²×¥Í¼vÅT¥Í¬¡«~½è¡C

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ªL¥¿±` (2019)¡C¹B°Ê»¤µo«¬¤ä®ðºÞ¦¬ÁYªº²z½×»P¹ê°È¡C¹B°Ê¥Í²zº[Åé¯à¾Ç³ø¡A29¡A25-36¡C

Burns, J., , Mason, C., , Mueller, N., Ohlander, J., Zock, J. P., , Drobnic, F., ... Katja Radon, K. (2015). Asthma prevalence in Olympic summer athletes and the general population: An analysis of three European countries. Respiratory Medicine, 109, 813-820.

Corrigan, B., & Kazlauskas, R. (2003). Medication use in athletes selected for doping control at the Sydney Olympics (2000). Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 13(1), 33- 40.

Dickinson, J. W., Whyte, G. P., McConnell, A. K., & Harriess, M. G. (2005). Impact of changes in the IOC-MC asthma criteria: a British perspective. Thorax, 60, 629¡V632.

Fitch, K. (2016). The World Anti-Doping Code: can you have asthma and still be an elite athlete? Breathe, 12, 148¡V158.

Heir, T., & Oseid, S. (1994). Self‐reported asthma and exercise‐induced asthma symptoms in high‐level competitive cross‐country skiers. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 4(2), 128-133.

Hendrickson, C. D., Lynch, J. M., & Gleeson, K. (1993). Exercise Induced Asthma: A Clinical Perspective, Lung, 172, 1-14.

Helenius, I. J., Tikkanen, H. O., Sarna, S. & Haahtela, T. (1998). Asthma and increased bronchial responsiveness in elite athletes: Atopy and sport event as risk factors. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 101, 646-52.

Jones, R. S., Buston, M. H., & Wharton, M. J. (1962). The effect of exercise on ventilator function in the child with asthma. British Journal of Diseases of the Chest, 56(2), 78-86.

Larsson, K. Ohlsén, P. L. Malmberg, P., Rydström, P. O., & Ulriksen, H. (1993). High prevalence of asthma in cross country skiers. British Medical Journal, 307, 1326-1329.

Lumme, A., Haahtela, T., Ounap, J., Rytila, P., Obase, Y., Helenius, M., ... Helenius, I. (2003). Airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and asthma in elite ice hockey players. European Respiratory Journal, 22, 113-117.

Moreira, A., Delgado, L., & Carlsen, K.-H. (2011). Exercise-induced asthma: why is it so frequent in Olympic athletes? Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 5, 1-3.

Provost-Craig, M. A., Arbour, K. S., Sestili, D. C., Chabalko, J. J., & Ekinci., E. (1996). The Incidence of Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm in Competitive Figure Skaters. Journal of Asthma, 33, 67-71.

Rupp, N. T, Brudno, D. S., & Guill, M. F. (1993). The value of screening for risk of exercise-induced asthma in high school athletes. Annals of Allergy, 70, 339-342.

Schumacher, Y. O., Pottgiesser, T., & Dickhuth, H. H. (2011). Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction: asthma in athletes: FIMS position statement. International SportMed Journal, 12(4), 145-149.

Spiteri, D. B., Dickinson, J., Greenwell, J., & Lee, I. (2014). Impact of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction on athletic performance and airway health in rugby union players. International Sports Medicine Journal, 15 (4), 333-342.

Weiler, J. M., Brannan, J. D., Randolph, C. C., Hallstrand, T. S., Parsons, J., Silver, W., ... Wallace, D. (2016). Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction update―2016. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 138(5), 1292-1295.

Weiler, J. M., Layton, T., & Hunt, M. (1998). Asthma in United States Olympic athletes who participated in the 1996 Summer Games. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 102, 722-726.

Wilber, R. L., Rundell, K. W., Szmedra, L., Jenkinson, D. M., Im, J., & Drake, I. J. (2000). Incidence of exercise-induced bronchospasm in Olympic winter sport athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 32(4), 732-737.

Voy, R. O. (1986). The U.S. Olympic Committee experience with exercise induced bronchospasm,1984. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 18, 328-330.

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