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¡@¡@ÁÉ«e©Ê¥æ¦b¹B°Êªí²{¤W¦³¤°»ò¼vÅT¡HMirkinµ¥¤H(1985)´£¥X¤@­Óºî¦Xªºµo²{¡A¥L­Ì»{¬°¿ï¤â¡B±Ð½m¡B¹B°Ê¶Ë®`¨¾Å@­û(trainer)¤Î¶¤Âå¤@¯ë³£¦P·N¡A¦b¨S¦³¶Ë®`¨ä¹B°Ê¯à¤O¤U¡AÁÉ«e¤@±ß¥i¥H±q¨Æ©ÊÃö«Y¡C¦ý¤j­P¤W¤£¦P·N¥L­Ì¬O§_¥i¥H¦b§Ö­n¤ñÁÉ«e¦w¥þ¦a±q¨Æ©Ê¦æ¬°¡C¾¨ºÞMasters©MJohnson(1966)»{¬°ÁÉ«eªº¼ö¨­¬¡°Ê©Ò®ø¯Óªº¯à¶q³£¤ñ©Ê¥æ®É¤j¡A©Ò¥H¤£¥²¥h­­¨îÁÉ«e±q¨Æ©Ê¥æ¬¡°Ê¡A¦ý¥ý«eMirkinµ¥¤H¤w¸g°Q½×¹L¥u­n¹B°Ê¿ï¤â¬Û«H¥¦¥i¯àªº¬ÛÃö«áªG¡A©Ò¥H³o­Ó°ÝÃD¨Ã¨S¦³¤@©wªºµª®×¡A¦]¬°³o¬O­Ó¤Hªº¶Ý¦n°ÝÃD¡A¤]¬O¹B°Ê¿ï¤â¦Û¤vªº¬Ýªk¡C


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Bohlen, J.G., Held, J.P., Sanderson, M.D., & Patterson, R.P. (1984). Heart rate, rate pressure product, and oxygen uptake during four sexual activity. Archives of Internal Medicine, 144: 1745-1748.

Ingis, R. (1986). Stress Management (A Practical Approach). Athletics Coach, 20(2): 6-8.

Larson, J.L., McNaughton, M.W., Kennedy, J.W., & Mansfield, L.W. (1980). Heart rate and blood pressure responses to sexual activity and a stair-climbing test. Heart Lung, 9: 1025-1030.

Masters, G., & Johnson, V. (1966). Human sexual responses. Little and Brown, Boston.

Mirkin, G., & Hoffman, M. (1985). The Sports Medicine Book. Lansdowne press. Sydney.

Nemec, E.D., Mansfield, L., & Kennnedy, J.W. (1976). Heart rate and blood pressure responses during sexual activity in normal males. American Heart Journal, 92: 274-277.

Pyke, F. (1984). Towards Better Coaching ¡V The Art and Science of Sports Coaching. A.P.G.S. Canberra.

Rosenfeld, L., & Wilder, L. (1990). Communication Fundamental: Active Listening. Track Technique, 12: 3564-3568.

Shea, J. (1988). Human Sexuality: AN Introduction. Unpublished lecture notes, Department of psychology, University of Newcastle.

Stein, R.A. (1977). The effect of exercise training on heart rate during coitus in the post myocardial infarction patient. Circulation, 55: 738.

Townsend, J.M. (1987). Sex Differences in Sexuality Among Medical Student: Effects of Increasing Socioeconomic Status. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 16(5): 425-434.

Tutko, T.A., & Richards, J.W. (1971). Psychology of Coaching. Allyn and Bacon, Boston.

Winter, G. (1991). Technique of Relaxation Training. Modern Athlete and Coach, 29(1): 35-37.

(§@ªÌ§õ¬L¼y¬°²H¦¿¤j¾Ç°Æ±Ð±Â¡B¥»¯¸ÅU°Ý¡C¥»¤å¬°§@ªÌ¦b°Q½×¥DÃD¡u©Ê¥Í¬¡¹ï¹B°Ê¥Í²zªº¼vÅT¡vªº¬ÛÃö¦^À³)


¦^À³ : 2 scwang®É¶¡ : 2004/7/18 ¤W¤È 11:40:10 From : 219.71.65.212

Sabo DF. Miller KE. Farrell MP. Melnick MJ. Barnes GM. (1999). High school athletic participation, sexual behavior and adolescent pregnancy: a regional study. Journal of Adolescent Health. 25(3):207-216.

PURPOSE: To determine whether high school athletic participation among adolescents in Western New York was associated with reduced rates of sexual behavior and pregnancy involvement. METHODS: A secondary analysis of data from the Family and Adolescent Study, a longitudinal study of a random sample of adolescents (ages 13-16 years) from 699 families living in households in Western New York. A general population sample was obtained with characteristics closely matching the census distributions in the area. Interview and survey methods provided data on athletic participation, frequency of sexual relations during the past year, and risk for pregnancy. Bivariate correlations were used to examine relationships among athletic participation, demographic and control variables, and measures of sexual behavior and pregnancy rates. Next, path analyses were done in order to test for hypothesized relationships between athletic participation, sexual behavior, and pregnancy involvement while controlling for age, race, income, family cohesion, and non-athletic forms of extracurricular activity. Variables that were significantly associated with sexual behavior and/or pregnancy involvement were presented for both sexes within the resulting multivariate models. RESULTS: Lower income and higher rates of sexual activity were associated with higher rates of pregnancy involvement for both sexes. Family cohesion was associated with lower sexual activity rates for both sexes. For girls, athletic participation was directly related to reduced frequency of sexual behavior and, indirectly, to pregnancy risk. Male athletes did not exhibit lower rates of sexual behavior and involvement with pregnancy than male non-athletes. Boys who participated in the arts, however, did report lower rates of sexual behavior and, indirectly, less involvement with pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Female adolescents who participated in sports were less likely than their non-athletic peers to engage in sexual activity and/or report a pregnancy. Among male adolescents, athletic participation was unrelated to sexual behavior and pregnancy involvement. Teen pregnancy prevention efforts for girls should consider utilizing sport as a strategic tool.


Miller KE. Sabo DF. Farrell MP. Barnes GM. Melnick MJ. (1998). Athletic participation and sexual behavior in adolescents: the different worlds of boys and girls. Journal of Health & Social Behavior. 39(2):108-123.

Using multivariate analysis of covariance to test hypotheses about the effects of sports and sexual behavior on a sample of 611 Western New York adolescents, this study concludes that athletic participation and gender interact to influence adolescent sexual outcomes. Female athletes report significantly lower rates of sexual activity than female nonathletes; male athletes report slightly (though not significantly) higher rates than male nonathletes. The gender-specific effect of sports on sexual behavior remains, net of the impacts of race, age, socioeconomic status, quality of family relations, and participation in other extracurricular activities. This paper introduces cultural resource theory to explain how athletic participation influences both traditional cultural scripts and exchange resources, which, in turn, condition the sexual bargaining process and its outcomes for adolescents.


Smith, E.A. Caldwell, L.L. (1994). Participation in high school sports and adolescent sexual activity. Pediatric exercise science 6(1), 69-74.

Survey data from 1,071 high school students in a large southern city
indicated that high school sports participants were more likely to be
sexually active than were nonparticipants. This result was
true for both males (66 percent vs. 52 percent) and females (52 percent vs.
36 percent) and was independent of the sport in which the adolescent
participated. This finding suggests that high school teams may provide an
opportunity for reaching teenagers in need of sex education counseling.


¦^À³ : 3 SOP®É¶¡ : 2004/7/19 ¤W¤È 01:16:37 From : 220.139.128.133

Sabo DF. Miller KE. Farrell MP. Melnick MJ. Barnes GM. (1999). High school athletic participation, sexual behavior and adolescent pregnancy: a regional study.³o¤@½g¬ã¨s¸ò¥DÃDÀ³¸Ó¨S¦³¦h¤jÃö«Y§a?(abstractªºpurpose»Presult¤¤¨ÃµL´£¨ì...)


¦^À³ : 4 normalin®É¶¡ : 2004/7/19 ¤W¤È 08:17:47 From : 218.167.161.100

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