之前寫的文章的一部分, 提供諸位參考!!
Andes Cheng 2004.12.04
Harris等(1992)的研究顯示肌酸增補後會增加尿液中肌酸與肌酸酐的濃度。不過,許多的研究也發現短期的肌酸增補並不會影響腎臟的功能,包括肌酸酐濃度仍在正常生理範圍內(Mihic等, 2000)以及並未改變腎絲球對肌酸酐的濾過率(renal glomerular filtration rate, Poortmans等, 1997)。同時,長期(從10個月至5年)的肌酸增補也不會損害健康運動員的腎臟功能,包括血液中與尿液中的肌酸酐、尿素與尿蛋白濃度以及這些代謝物質的移除率均與未使用肌酸者相同(Poortmans & Francaux, 1999)。不過,仍有醫學個案報導顯示已罹患腎臟疾病者,例如間質性腎炎(Koshy等, 1999)與部分腎絲球硬化(Pritchard & Kalra, 1998),在服用肌酸之後,會有腎功能惡化的情形。因此,肌酸的增補對於腎臟功能健全者而言,並不會有不良的影響,但已罹患腎臟疾病者在使用肌酸之前,應先進行腎功能的評估與追蹤(Terjung等, 2000)。
Harris, R. C., Söderlund, K., & Hultman, E. (1992). Elevation of creatine in resting and exercised muscle of normal subjects by creatine supplementation. Clinical Science, 83 (3), 367-374.
Koshy, K. M., Griswold, E., & Schneeberger, E. E. (1999). Interstitial nephritis in a patient taking creatine. The New England Journal of Medicine, 340 (10), 814-815.
Mihic, S. A., Macdonald, J. R., McKenzie, S., & Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2000). Acute creatine loading increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32 (2), 291-296.
Poortmans, J. R., Auquier, H., Renaut, V., Durussel, A., Saugy, M., & Brisson, G. R. (1997). Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on renal responses in men. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 76 (6), 566-567.
Poortmans, J. R., & Francaux, M. (1999). Long-term oral creatine supplementation does not impair renal function in healthy athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31 (8), 1108-1110.
Pritchard, N. R., & Kalra, P.A. (1998). Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet, 351 (9111), 1252-1253.
Terjung, R. L., Clarkson, P., Eichner, E. R., Greenhaff, P. L., Hespel, P. J., Israel, R. G., Kraemer, W. J., Meyer, R. A., Spriet, L. L., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Wagenmakers, A. J. M., & Williams, M. H. (2000). The American College of Sports Medicine Roundtable on the physiological and health effects of oral creatine supplementation. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32 (3), 706-717.
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