一般運動傷害程度的分級,最多是針對肌腱或韌帶的拉傷、扭傷做分級,這也是大家公認接受的。肌肉拉傷的分級,則大多分成肌肉腫脹、肌肉部分斷裂(partial rupture)、及肌肉全部斷裂(complete rupture)三個不同程度的傷害。至於肌肉挫傷,則很少聽說有分級的。若有先進學者可提出指教,或是哪位在教科書上有看到挫傷的分級,請不吝指教!
1)
肌腱或韌帶的拉傷、扭傷(sprain)分級
http://www.kgh.com.tw/health/07-12.html
第一級(輕度):韌帶過度伸展,只造成關節附近輕微腫脹,活動少許限制。
第二級(中度):韌帶部分斷裂,局部腫脹及壓痛,腳踝關節比較不穩定。
第三級(重度):韌帶完全斷裂,異常腫脹及疼痛,關節極不穩定,不能活動。
2)
肌肉拉傷(Strain)的分級
http://www.uscuh.com/cwscontent/uscuh/ourservices/medicalservices/athleticmedicine/classification%20of%20injury.htm
Grade 1: Stretching of the fibers, local pain, mild swelling, strength and range of motion are minimally affected.
Grade 2: Slight tearing of the fibers, pain, swelling, moderate strength and range of motion deficiencies.
Grade 3: Complete tear or rupture of the fibers, pain, loss of muscle function, possible obvious deformity in the muscle.
3)
軟組織受傷的分級(Tscherne Soft Tissue Classification)
Grade 0-Minimal soft tissue damage, indirect violence, simple # pattern
Grade 1-Superficial abrasion of contusion caused by pressure from within, mild to mod. # pattern
Grade 2-Deep contaminated abrasions assoc. with localized skin or muscle contusion, impending compartment syndrome, severe #
Grade 3-Extensive skin contusion or crush, underlying severe muscle, decompensated compartment syndrome, assoc. major vascular injury, severe #
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